Effectiveness of Different Kidney Exchange Mechanisms on Improving Living Donor Transplantation in Chile

Chile has a very low cadaveric organ donation rate; at the same time, living donor transplantation activity is low. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact on the number and quality of transplants of the potential application of different mechanisms for kidney exchange from living donors to patients on Chile’s waiting list.Organ Donation Rate, living kidney donation, kidney exchange mechanisms

Church communication highlights 2020

The year 2020 will go down in history as the year of COVID-19, even in the realm of the Catholic Church. Among other things, the pandemic led the Pope to forgo all pastoral trips outside of Italy. During the twelve months of that "fateful" year, however, other events that were relevant to the life of the Church did take place. In the following pages, we shall list some of the most important news stories covered by the media. Since there is no other way, the selection is based on this author's criteria, though it does rely on some objective grounds: the "rivers of ink", as they used to say, that each of these events unleashed. In other words, we have selected those news events that sparked the most conversation and discussion

A Review of Spiritual News: Reporting Religion Around the World, edited by Yoel Cohen

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El debate en torno a las políticas de inmigración en Chile: Una oportunidad para el soft power

El presente trabajo analiza la posibilidad de considerar la política de inmigración y extranjería como parte del poder blando del país. Para ello se estudia la configuración de la inmigración actual hacia el país considerando las relaciones vecinales de Chile. El trabajo hace hincapié en mirar la política de inmigración con una perspectiva estratégica para poder acentuar los procesos de integración del país en el cono sur y bajar las tensiones políticas con los países vecinos del sector norte. Finalmente, este trabajo hace un llamado a utilizar el poder blando del país para mejorar las percepciones de Chile en el extranjero.This paper analyzes the possibility of considering immigration and foreigners policy as part of the soft power of the country. To do this, we study the configuration of current immigration to the country considering the neighbor relations of Chile. The paper emphasizes looking at immigration policy with a strategic perspective in order to accentuate the processes of integration of the country in the southern cone and lower political tensions with neighboring countries in the northern sector. Finally, this paper calls for using the soft power of the country to improve Chile's perceptions abroad.Universidad de Santiago de Chil

Plaza Olaya: un hábitat reestructurado a partir del lugar. Propuesta de vivienda de interés social (VIS) y vivienda de interés prioritario (VIP) y usos complementarios el marco de una reestructuración del hábitat a partir del lugar

Trabajo de gradoPartiendo de las problemáticas existentes del lugar, se inicia un análisis exhaustivo respecto a las debilidades de lo que respecta a hábitat en Bogotá, y esa relación con el entorno social, ambiental y cultural. Se busca una solución integral pensando en que las calidades de habitabilidad y calidad de vida sean las mejores. Por tal motivo el planteamiento arquitectónico se desarrolla en la generación de vivienda digna con una visión crítica respecto a los diferentes niveles en que involucra el desarrollo del mismo, ciudad, arquitectura y tecnología. Proporcionando así una simbiosis entre los elementos los cuales permitan tomar a la arquitectura como gestor de la solución de conflictos. la vivienda, como unidad que representa la individualidad de cada ser humano o familia para vivir y desempeñarse en la urbe, constituye con la ciudad una unidad a la que el hombre se ha ido adaptando para su fin productivo y progresista, requiriendo una concentración espacial del capital humano que oferte una variedad de oficios en todas las calidades.PregradoArquitect

Generating Waves in Corticothalamocortical Networks

In this issue of Neuron, Stroh et al. (2013) investigate mechanisms of population calcium wave initiation and propagation across cortex and thalamus. They use a novel fiber optic-based method to simultaneously image and excite specific populations of neurons in multiple regions

Spatiotemporal properties of sensory responses in vivo are strongly dependent on network context

Sensory responses in neocortex are strongly modulated by changes in brain state, such as those observed between sleep stages or attentional levels. However, the specific effects of network state changes on the spatiotemporal properties of sensory responses are poorly understood. The slow oscillation, which is observed in neocortex under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia and is characterized by alternating depolarizing (up-states) and hyperpolarizing (down-states) phases, provides an opportunity to study the state-dependence of primary sensory responses in large networks. Here we used voltage sensitive dye (VSD) imaging to record the spatiotemporal properties of sensory responses and local field potential (LFP) and multiunit activity (MUA) recordings to monitor the ongoing brain state in which the sensory responses occurred. Despite a rich variability of slow oscillation patterns, sensory responses showed a consistent relationship with the ongoing oscillation and triggered a new up-state only after the termination of the refractory period that followed the preceding oscillatory cycle. We show that spatiotemporal properties of whisker-evoked responses are highly dependent on their timing with regard to the ongoing oscillation. In both the up- and down-states, responses spread across large portions of the barrel field, although the up-state responses were reduced in total area due to their sparseness. The depolarizing response in the up-state showed a tendency to propagate along the rows, with an amplitude and slope favoring the higher-numbered arcs. In the up-state, but not in the down-state, the depolarizing response was followed by a hyperpolarizing wave with a consistent spatial structure. We measured the suppression of whisker-evoked responses by a preceding response at 100 ms, and found that suppression showed the same spatial asymmetry as the depolarization. Because the resting level of cells in the up-state is likely to be closer to that in the awake animal, we suggest that the polarities in signal propagation which we observed in the up-state could be used as computational mechanisms in the behaving animal. These results demonstrate the critical importance of ongoing network activity on the dynamics of sensory responses and their integration

D,L-Citrullinato-bipyridine Copper Complex: Experimental and Theoretical Characterization

Citrulline is a non-protein amino acid that acts as a metabolic intermediate in the urea cycle and arginine synthesis. It is present in some foods, although its name derives from watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris), from which it was first identified. Under normal conditions, Citrulline exists as a zwitterion in aqueous solutions since its carboxylic and amine groups can act as Lewis donors to chelate metal cations. In addition, Citrulline possesses in the aliphatic chain a terminal ureide group, which could also coordinate. Although Citrulline is comparable to other classical amino acids, its coordination chemistry has yet to be explored. Only two metal complexes have been reported, and the copper complex is a polymeric and insoluble material. As part of our search for active Casiopeina® analogs, we created a more soluble complex by combining 2,20-Bipyridine into a new mixed material, resulting in the mononuclear complex [Cu(Bipy)(Citr)(H2O)(NO3)] H2O. Singlecrystal X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, UV-Vis, Raman), and mass spectrometry characterized the material. Interestingly, both isomers of Citrulline, R(D), and S(L) are present in the same crystal. In addition, the molecular structure and electronic properties of the complex were calculated using density functional theory (DFT). Non-covalent interactions were characterized using the atoms-in-molecules (AIM) approach and Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis. This ternary complex containing Citrulline and 2,20-Bipyridine will be used for docking calculations and preliminary biological studies using calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and plasmid pUC19 as a first approximation to cytotoxic activity against cancer cell linesProject 100517029-VIEP (BUAP, México)The PRODEP Academic Group BUAP-CA-263 (SEP, Mexico)Ministerio de UniversidadesNext Generation for the Margarita Salas contract 401 (Spain